Studija za sjevernu Europu: Kanabis (konoplja) kao vrhunski obnoviv ekološki izvor biomase za proizvodnju energije – biodizela, bioplina i čvrstih goriva.
Jedino što trenutno spriječava veću proizvodnju energije iz kanabisa biomase je zabrana i stroga kontrola proizvodnje u industrijske svrhe.
Studija pokazuje da je podjednako isplativo koristiti biomasu kanabisa sa sjevera EU, kao i onu od najboljih trenutnih izvora, zasada soje, repe, uz daleko manje korištenja kemije i uz negativnu karbonsku emisiju cijelog procesa proizvodnje kanabisa i korištenja proizvedenih energenata!
Na jugu Europe je čak isplativije kultivirati kanabis i to je ekonomski opravdano. Sadnja kanabisa u našem području može dati mnogo veće prinose zbog klime i više sunca godišnje. Također postoje detaljne studije o našoj klimi koja je učinjena na institutu Novi Sad, koji su već dugo potvrđeni.
Ali zašto bi seljak zarađivao, energija bila čista i proizvođena u Srbiji, kad mogu se uvoze fosilna goriva iz inozemstva koja zagađuju, sijeku šume i kopa ugalj uz veliku štetu po prirodu i zdravlje ljudi.
Studija je ispitivala energetsku isplativost uzgoja konoplje (Cannabis sativa L.) kultivirane za energetske svrhe u hladnim klimatskim uvjetima u sjevernoj Europi. Terenska ispitivanja provedena su tijekom tri uzastopne godine s različitim postupcima dušika. Mjereni su sadržaj suhe tvari prinos po hektaru, sadržaj vlage, sadržaj vodika i temperatura u začne mjesečnim intervalima od srpnja do sljedećeg proljeća svake sezone. Energetski prinos je izračunata i prilagođen za realno usporedba u odnosu na one iz drugih energetskih kultura uobičajeno uzgojenih u sjevernom regiji gdje su studije rađene.
Dvije su žetve identificirane kao optimalne za prinose za potrebe energije:
Prva žetva u rujnu i listopadu, gdje se konoplja koristi za proizvodnju bioplina, dala je 14,4 mg po 1 ha i 296, GJ po 1 ha;
Druga žetva od veljače do travnja, gdje se konoplja koristi za čvrsto gorivo, je dala 9,9 mg po 1 ha i 246, GJ po 1 ha.
Za proizvodnju bioplina, energetski prinos biomase konoplja je sličan onom od kukuruza i šećerne repe i 24 i 14% i veći nego kod lucerne i djeteline-trava Lei, što je respektivno.
Za čvrsto gorivo, energetsko prinosa biomase konoplje je 120% veći od pšenične slame i sličan onom kod ‘reed canari’ trske.
Godišnje varijacije u prinosu suhe tvari ovisno o vremenskim uvjetima i rokova sjetve su veće u odnosu na varijacije kod promjene tretmana, tj količine dušika u tlu.
Zaključak: Konoplja je pogodna kao energetski usjev u hladnim klimatskim područjima sjeverne Europe, jer ima slične i često veće energetske prinose biomase, od drugih uobičajenih kultura uzgojenih za energetske potrebe na ovim sjevernim prostorima.
Izvor: IRKA
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